Which statement best represents preventive measures for a surgical site infection after surgery?

• A. Proper wound care
• B. Timely antibiotic therapy if indicated
• C. Aseptic technique
• D. Smoking cessation and proper wound care, aseptic technique, and timely antibiotic therapy if indicated

Answer: (D)

Preventing a surgical site infection requires a multifaceted approach that spans preparation, the operation, and recovery. Smoking cessation improves tissue perfusion and healing, reducing infection risk. Proper wound care after surgery keeps the incision clean and protected, supporting timely healing. Aseptic technique during the procedure prevents contamination of the wound in the first place. Timely antibiotic therapy, when indicated, provides appropriate prophylaxis or treatment to reduce bacterial load at a critical window around the operation. Taken together, these elements address multiple pathways by which infections can occur, making them the most comprehensive preventive strategy. The other options isolate one or two pieces, but do not cover all essential aspects.