Which element is essential in postoperative nutrition planning?

• A. Delaying oral intake until return of bowel sounds
• B. Early oral intake as tolerated
• C. Avoiding carbohydrates
• D. High-protein supplementation only after discharge

Answer: (B)

Starting oral intake early as tolerated is essential because it supports gut function, provides the energy and nutrients needed for healing, and speeds overall recovery. Getting calories and protein into the patient soon after surgery helps maintain gut mucosal integrity, stimulates peristalsis to reduce ileus, and supports wound healing and immune response. Relying on the return of bowel sounds to begin feeding is not necessary and can delay recovery; bowel sounds don’t reliably indicate readiness for nutrition. Carbohydrates and other nutrients should be included as part of an appropriate plan rather than avoided; they supply readily available energy for healing. Protein needs are increased after surgery, and delaying intake until after discharge misses an important window for anabolic recovery. Therefore, advancing to oral intake as tolerated and progressing as the patient can handle it is the best approach.